Knowledge of Herpes Zoster Virus and Its Vaccines Among Older Adults in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction Herpes zoster (HZ) is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and can lead to complications such as postherpetic neuralgia. Although vaccines are available to prevent HZ, the level of concern about HZ and its vaccines in our region remains unknown. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding HZ and the HZ vaccines among adults aged ≥50 years in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire distributed to adults aged ≥50 years and data were collected on demographics, knowledge of HZ and its vaccines, attitudes, and practices. Multiple logistic regression examined factors associated with knowledge levels. Results Of 295 participants, 58% and 67.5% had low knowledge of HZ and its vaccines, respectively. Knowledge of HZ significantly differed by age, education, and occupation. Only 50% knew HZ affects nerves and skin and 28.8% knew HZ can be transmitted between individuals. Knowledge of the vaccine significantly differed by gender and information source. Conclusions This population has substantial knowledge gaps regarding HZ and vaccination. Targeted educational initiatives are needed to promote greater awareness of HZ immunization, especially for higher-risk groups like older adults and females.