Lemmel Syndrome: A Surgical Enigma

A periampullary diverticulum (PAD) is the most common type of duodenal diverticula found in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal tract assessments. Even while PAD typically does not manifest any symptoms, it can nevertheless be a source of obstructive jaundice in the absence of a tumor or choledocholithiasis, a condition known as Lemmel's syndrome. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman who presented with abdominal discomfort and multiple episodes of vomiting. After comprehensive clinical examination and investigations, a provisional diagnosis of Lemmel's syndrome was made, leading to initial conservative management for diverticulitis, followed by an exploratory procedure. This case underscores the importance of recognizing Lemmel's syndrome as a differential diagnosis for obstructive jaundice when duodenal diverticula are present, to prevent misdiagnosis and ensure timely, appropriate treatment.