Prostate stromal sarcoma mimicking benign prostate hyperplasia: A case report

Prostate stromal sarcoma is extremely rare and aggressive malignancy accounting for less than 1 % of all type of prostate cancers. It is frequently misdiagnosed from other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) problems. We present a case report of 45-year-old male complaining with LUTS problems. Patient also suffers anorexia and weight loss. He was first diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Patients had done transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) to alleviate the complaint, but the symptoms worsened and recurred. Histopathological examination findings confirmed prostate stromal sarcoma (T4N0M0). Patient was further examined using MRI and then radical prostatectomy procedure was performed. Incidence of prostate stromal sarcoma is very low and most commonly presents with obstructive LUTS symptoms. This could mimic other disease such as BPH or other type of prostate cancer. Therefore, clinicians require a high suspicion in patient with recurrent LUTS. Prostate stromal sarcoma diagnosis is a challenging disease entity that necessitates histopathology examination. Timely and accurate diagnosis of prostate stromal sarcoma is needed to achieve better outcome and prognosis for the patients. •Prostate stromal sarcoma is an extremely rare and aggressive malignancy, constituting less than 1 % of all prostate cancers. It is often misdiagnosed due to its similarity to other lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) problems.•Here we present a 45-year-old male presented with LUTS complaints, accompanied by anorexia and weight loss. Initially diagnosed with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), which failed to resolve symptoms.•Histopathological examination confirmed prostate stromal sarcoma (T4N0M0). Further evaluation with MRI revealed invasion into the urinary bladder, prompting radical prostatectomy.•Prostate stromal sarcoma commonly presents with obstructive LUTS symptoms, mimicking other conditions like BPH or prostate cancer.•Prostate stromal sarcoma poses diagnostic challenges, requiring histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis. Timely and accurtate diganosis is crucial for better patient outcome and prognosis