Strain–Phonon Cooperation as a Necessary Ingredient to Understand the Jahn–Teller Effect in Solids

Spatial degeneracy is the cause of the complex electronic, geometrical, and magnetic structures found in a number of materials whose more representative example is KCuF3. In the literature the properties of this lattice are usually explained through the Kugel–-Khomskii model, based on superexchange interactions. Here we provide rigorous theoretical and computational arguments against this view proving that structural and magnetic properties essentially arise from electron–vibration (vibronic) interactions. Moreover, based on the work of Öpik and Pryce, we show that the coupling between lattice (homogeneous strain) and motif (phonons) distortions is essential to understand the main stable configurations of the lattice. Using this information, we predict a new low-energy phase in KCuF3 that could strongly alter its properties and provide guidance on how to stabilize it through strain engineering.