Determinants of Outcomes in Convulsive Status Epilepticus: An Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Center in North India

Objective Status epilepticus (SE) presents a critical neurological emergency associated with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. However, the determinants influencing outcomes in SE within specific regional contexts remain less explored, especially within North India. Understanding the factors influencing the prognosis of SE in this region is crucial for tailored therapeutic approaches and improved patient outcomes. Materials and methods This observational study was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, India, from December 1, 2020, to November 31, 2022. Patients who presented with convulsive SE lasting more than five minutes or repetitive and discrete seizures with impaired consciousness between the interictal period for at least 30 minutes were included in the study. Their clinical and biochemical variables at presentation were assessed and correlated with the outcome. Results Out of the 110 patients included in the study, males represented 59.1% (n=65), outnumbering females, who comprised 40.9% (n=45). Favourable outcome was observed in 66.36% (n=73) of patients, and unfavourable outcome was observed in 33.63% (n=37). The mean time interval between seizure onset to the patient's arrival at the hospital was 5.30 ± 4.96 hours, and the mean time interval between seizure onset to the point of seizure control was 7.10 ± 6.38 hours. On analysing the factors associated with unfavourable outcome, the type of seizure at onset (p=0.021), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of