Ionized and total magnesium levels in patients with chronic kidney disease: associated factors and outcomes

ABSTRACT Background The association between hypo- and/or hypermagnesaemia and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes or mortality has shown conflicting results in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and has been conducted on total magnesium (tMg) levels. Thus, the objectives of the present study were to (i) describe the serum ionized Mg (iMg) concentration in patients at various CKD stages, (ii) measure the correlation between iMg and tMg concentrations, (iii) identify their associated factors and (iv) determine whether serum tMg and/or iMg concentrations are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality before kidney replacement therapy in CKD patients. Methods Chronic Kidney Disease–Renal Epidemiology and Information Network (CKD-REIN) is a prospective cohort of CKD patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)