Long-term efficacy and safety of Huangqi ()-based Traditional Chinese Medicine in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

To assess the long-term effectiveness of Huangqi ( , HQ)-based Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Nine databases were searched to retrieve available randomized controlled trials that compared HQ-based TCM and Western Medicines in the treatment of DPN. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane bias risk tool, and RevMan 5.4 was used for data analysis. The effect estimates of interest were risk ratio ( ), mean difference ( ) or standardized mean difference ( ) with 95% confidence interval ( ). The results from 48 available studies assessing 3759 patients demonstrated that cases administered HQ-based TCM [ = 1.30, 95% (1.21, 1.40), < 0.000 01] or HQ-based TCM combined with Western Medicines [ = 1.25, 95% (1.19, 1.31), < 0.000 01] exhibited higher total efficacy rates than individuals who received Western Medicine alone. The results showed that the HQ-based TCM group had decreased Toronto Clinical Scoring System scores [ =－1.50, 95% (－1.83, －1.17), < 0.000 01], and reduced serum interleukin 6 [S = －0.57, 95% (－0.87, －0.27), = 0.0002] and tumor necrosis factors-α levels [S = －0.60, 95% (－0.95, －0.25), = 0.0009]. In addition, both HQ-based TCM and HQ-based TCM combined with Western Medicine increased nerve conduction velocity and decreased glycaemia compared with Western Medicine alone. In terms of blood lipids, oxidative stress and adverse drug reactions, there were no significant differences between the HQ-based TCM groups and the Western Medicine control group. The current Meta-analysis revealed that HQ-based TCM yields higher efficacy and safety than Western Medicine alone for the treatment of DPN, although further well-designed RCTs are required to validate these findings.