microRNAs associated with the quality of follicular fluids affect oocyte and early embryonic development

Purpose Oocyte and embryo quality differs significantly among individuals. Follicular fluid (FF) is a solo environment of oocyte maturation and may flux into the oviduct. Supplementation of in vitro maturation (IVM) and culture (IVC) medium with extracellular vesicles of FFs supports oocyte maturation and embryonic development. We addressed a hypothesis that miRNA profiles in FFs are crucial background of oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Methods FFs were collected from the ovaries of individual cows, and the FFs were classified into Good or Poor FF based on the developmental rate to the blastocyst stage of enclosed oocytes. miRNAs associated with the Good FFs were explored using small RNA sequencing. In addition, FFs were classified using the concentration of Good‐FF‐associated miRNAs. These classified FFs or miRNA were added to the IVM or IVC mediums. Results Supplementation of IVM and IVC medium with Good FF improved embryonic development. Good FFs contained miR‐151‐3p and miR‐425‐5p at a high concentration compared with those in Poor FFs. FFs selected by the concentration of miR‐151‐3p and miR‐425‐5p improved oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Supplementation of IVM or IVC medium with either miR‐151‐3p or miR‐425‐5p improved embryonic development to the blastocyst stage. Conclusion miRNAs were associated with the Good FFs determined oocyte maturation and embryonic development. miRNAs in follicular fluid support oocyte maturation and embryonic development.