Investigating the Cytotoxicity of Ru(II) Polypyridyl Complexes by Changing the Electronic Structure of Salicylaldehyde Ligands

A novel class of Ru­(II)-based polypyridyl complexes with an auxiliary salicylaldehyde ligand [Ru­(phen)2(X-Sal)]­BF4 {X: H (1), 5-Cl (2), 5-Br (3), 3,5-Cl2 (4), 3,5-Br2 (5), 3-Br,5-Cl (6), 3,5-I2 (7), 5-NO2 (8), 5-Me (9), 4-Me (10), 4-OMe (11), and 4-DEA (12), has been synthesized and characterized...

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Veröffentlicht in:Inorganic chemistry 2024-01, Vol.63 (2), p.1083-1101
Hauptverfasser: Taghizadeh Shool, Maryam, Amiri Rudbari, Hadi, Cuevas-Vicario, José V., Rodríguez-Rubio, Andrea, Stagno, Claudio, Iraci, Nunzio, Efferth, Thomas, Omer, Ejlal A., Schirmeister, Tanja, Blacque, Olivier, Moini, Nakisa, Sheibani, Esmail, Micale, Nicola
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:A novel class of Ru­(II)-based polypyridyl complexes with an auxiliary salicylaldehyde ligand [Ru­(phen)2(X-Sal)]­BF4 {X: H (1), 5-Cl (2), 5-Br (3), 3,5-Cl2 (4), 3,5-Br2 (5), 3-Br,5-Cl (6), 3,5-I2 (7), 5-NO2 (8), 5-Me (9), 4-Me (10), 4-OMe (11), and 4-DEA (12), has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, and 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of 4, 6, 9, 10, and 11 was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis which revealed structural similarities. DFT and TD-DFT calculations showed that they also possess similar electronic structures. Absorption/emission spectra were recorded for 2, 3, 10, and 11. All Ru-complexes, unlike the pure ligands and the complex lacking the salicylaldehyde component, displayed outstanding antiproliferative activity in the screening test (10 μM) against CCRF-CEM leukemia cells underlining the crucial role of the presence of the auxiliary ligand for the biological activity. The two most active derivatives, namely 7 and 10, were selected for continuous assays showing IC50 values in the submicromolar and micromolar range against drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM and multidrug-resistant CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells, respectively. These two compounds were investigated in silico for their potential binding to duplex DNA well-matched and mismatched base pairs, since they showed remarkable selectivity indexes (2.2 and 19.5 respectively) on PBMC cells.
ISSN:0020-1669
1520-510X
DOI:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03414