Algaecidal and oxidative effects of metal-free phthalocyanine beta tetra-substituted with sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate

In this study, a water-soluble metal-free phthalocyanine (SPC) containing sodium 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate substituents at the peripheral positions was used to investigate the algaecidal properties and oxidative effects on the growth of two microalgal species, and . Although OD at 560 nm and chlorophyll- content were decreased in during 7 days depending on dose and time, increases in both OD at 750 and chlorophyll- content at 8 ppb (parts per billion) concentration on the 7th day were observed in . However, total SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GR (glutathione reductase) enzyme activity of cultures did not display any alteration in all concentrations, SOD activity displayed an increase significantly at 2 ppb concentration, and GR activity showed increases at 1, 2, and 4 ppb concentrations in application. In application, APX (ascorbate peroxidase) activity decreased at 0.50 ppb, 1 ppb, and 1.5 ppb concentrations. In addition, application showed decreases at all concentrations. When MDA content increased at all concentrations, the H O content increased only at significatly 0.125 ppb concentration in cultures. Both MDA (malondialdehyde) and H O (hydrogen peroxide) content of cultures showed a statistically significant decrease at all concentrations compared to control. Free proline decreased at 0.25 ppb, 0.50 ppb, 1 ppb, and 1.5 ppb concentrations in application, and it decreased at all the concentrations of application. It concluded that this compound has inhibition effects on , but it supports growth in . Therefore, this synthesized phthalocyanine compound (SPC) should be consumed carefully, and the contamination to aquatic ecosystems should be prevented.