A fluid–solid-growth solver for cardiovascular modeling

We implement full, three-dimensional constrained mixture theory for vascular growth and remodeling into a finite element fluid–structure interaction (FSI) solver. The resulting “fluid–solid-growth” (FSG) solver allows long term, patient-specific predictions of changing hemodynamics, vessel wall morphology, tissue composition, and material properties. This extension from short term (FSI) to long term (FSG) simulations increases clinical relevance by enabling mechanobioloigcally-dependent studies of disease progression in complex domains.