Characterization of chloroplasts isolated from triazine-susceptible and triazine-resistant biotypes of Brassica campestris L. [Bird rape, herbicides]

Chloroplasts isolated from triazine-susceptible and triazine-resistant biotypes of Brassica campestris L. were analyzed for lipid composition, ultrastructure, and relative quantum requirements of photosynthesis. In general, phospholipids, but not glycolipids in chloroplasts from the triazine-resistant biotype had a higher linolenic acid concentration and lower levels of oleic and linoleic fatty acids, than chloroplasts from triazine-susceptible plants. Chloroplasts from the triazine-resistant biotype had a 1.6-fold higher concentration of t-Δ3-hexadecenoic acid with a concomitantly lower palmitic acid concentration in phosphatidylglycerol. Phosphatidylglycerol previously has been hypothesized to be a boundary lipid for photosystem II. Chloroplasts from the triazine-resistant biotype had a lower chlorophyll a/b ratio and exhibited increased grana stacking. Light-saturation curves revealed that the relative quantum requirement for whole chain electron transport at limiting light intensities was lower for the susceptible biotype than for the triazine-resistant biotype. Although the level of the chlorophyll a/b light-harvesting complex associated with photosystem II was greater in resistant biotypes, the increased levels of the light-harvesting complex did not increase the photosynthetic efficiency enough to overcome the rate limitation that is inherited concomitantly with the modification of the S-triazine binding site.