Pathway to mercury-free dentistry: an insight into past, present, and future

The popularity of dental amalgam arises from its excellent long-term performance, ease of use, and low cost. However, there is a concern about the potential adverse health effects arising from exposure to mercury in amalgam. This review article critically discusses the safety of dental amalgam as a restorative material and our preparedness for a mercury-free road ahead. A database search was performed on PubMed and Google scholar using the keywords: "mercury-free dentistry", "mercury toxicity", "amalgam substitutes", "amalgam mercury toxicity". Inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified clearly. Relevant literature was also searched in the dental textbooks. Around 40 articles, highlighting mercury exposure among dental professionals and patients were included. Despite the overwhelming body of scientific evidence demonstrating amalgam to be a safe restorative material, concerns about the toxic effects of mercury persist. The real challenge is to find a suitable amalgam substitute and to follow the mercury hygiene measures closely.