A scoping review of workplace health promotion interventions for chronic diseases in Australia

Objective The aim of this study is to systematically chart and summarize the literature pertaining to workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions targeting the five main modifiable lifestyle risk factors for chronic disease, including smoking, nutrition, alcohol, physical activity, overweight/obesity (SNAPO) in Australian workers. Methods A scoping review was performed using the framework of Arksey and O'Malley. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and SCOPUS were searched to identify peer‐reviewed publications that evaluated primary or secondary WHP interventions which targeted one or more modifiable risk factor (SNAPO). Results A total of fifty‐six articles were included in the review. The findings revealed a heterogeneous nature of WHP intervention design and evaluation. The majority of the interventions focussed on physical activity, with fewer targeting the other four main modifiable risk factors. Health care and white‐collar workers were most frequently targeted, with less attention paid to other worker groups. The review also found that many interventions had a duration of three months or less. Conclusions Significant gaps have been identified in relation to the occupational role, risk factors targeted, and intervention length. This review also highlights the need for further research to be conducted to determine the efficacy of interventions to facilitate the development of a framework for WHP interventions to reduce the risk and prevalence of chronic disease.