Fused Filament Fabricated Poly(lactic acid) Parts Reinforced with Short Carbon Fiber and Graphene Nanoparticles with Improved Tribological Properties
This study investigated the mechanical and tribological properties of 3D-printed Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites reinforced with different concentrations of carbon fibers (SCF) and graphene nanoparticles (GNP) (0.5 to 5 wt.% of each filler). The samples were produced using FFF (fused filament fa...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Polymers 2023-05, Vol.15 (11), p.2451 |
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| creator | Al Abir, Anzum Chakrabarti, Dipto Trindade, Bruno |
| description | This study investigated the mechanical and tribological properties of 3D-printed Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites reinforced with different concentrations of carbon fibers (SCF) and graphene nanoparticles (GNP) (0.5 to 5 wt.% of each filler). The samples were produced using FFF (fused filament fabrication) 3D printing. The results showed a good dispersion of the fillers in the composites. SCF and GNP promoted the crystallization of the PLA filaments. The hardness, elastic modulus, and specific wear resistance grew with the increase in the filler concentration. A hardness improvement of about 30% was observed for the composite with 5 wt.% of SCF + 5 wt.% GNP (PSG-5) compared to PLA. The same trend was observed for the elastic modulus with an increase of 220%. All the composites presented lower coefficients of friction (0.49 to 0.6) than PLA (0.71). The composite PSG-5 sample showed the lowest value of specific wear rate (4.04 × 10
mm
/N.m), corresponding to about a five times reduction compared to PLA. Therefore, it was concluded that the addition of GNP and SCF to PLA made it possible to obtain composites with better mechanical and tribological behavior. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.3390/polym15112451 |
| format | Article |
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mm
/N.m), corresponding to about a five times reduction compared to PLA. Therefore, it was concluded that the addition of GNP and SCF to PLA made it possible to obtain composites with better mechanical and tribological behavior.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym15112451</identifier><identifier>PMID: 37299249</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>3-D printers ; 3D printing ; Analysis ; Carbon fibers ; Coefficient of friction ; Composite materials ; Crystallization ; Filaments ; Fillers ; Fused deposition modeling ; Graphene ; Hardness ; Lactic acid ; Load ; Mechanical properties ; Methods ; Modulus of elasticity ; Nanocomposites ; Nanoparticles ; Polylactic acid ; Polymers ; Raw materials ; Structure ; Three dimensional printing ; Tribology ; Wear rate ; Wear resistance</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2023-05, Vol.15 (11), p.2451</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2023 by the authors. 2023</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-f18e7d14151d5da218c9d0a3c8a9d9f74c9ac67b18afe58c162bbe841bfc19783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-f18e7d14151d5da218c9d0a3c8a9d9f74c9ac67b18afe58c162bbe841bfc19783</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6487-831X ; 0000-0003-2971-8465</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10255553/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10255553/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27923,27924,53790,53792</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37299249$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Al Abir, Anzum</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chakrabarti, Dipto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trindade, Bruno</creatorcontrib><title>Fused Filament Fabricated Poly(lactic acid) Parts Reinforced with Short Carbon Fiber and Graphene Nanoparticles with Improved Tribological Properties</title><title>Polymers</title><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><description>This study investigated the mechanical and tribological properties of 3D-printed Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites reinforced with different concentrations of carbon fibers (SCF) and graphene nanoparticles (GNP) (0.5 to 5 wt.% of each filler). The samples were produced using FFF (fused filament fabrication) 3D printing. The results showed a good dispersion of the fillers in the composites. SCF and GNP promoted the crystallization of the PLA filaments. The hardness, elastic modulus, and specific wear resistance grew with the increase in the filler concentration. A hardness improvement of about 30% was observed for the composite with 5 wt.% of SCF + 5 wt.% GNP (PSG-5) compared to PLA. The same trend was observed for the elastic modulus with an increase of 220%. All the composites presented lower coefficients of friction (0.49 to 0.6) than PLA (0.71). The composite PSG-5 sample showed the lowest value of specific wear rate (4.04 × 10
mm
/N.m), corresponding to about a five times reduction compared to PLA. Therefore, it was concluded that the addition of GNP and SCF to PLA made it possible to obtain composites with better mechanical and tribological behavior.</description><subject>3-D printers</subject><subject>3D printing</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Carbon fibers</subject><subject>Coefficient of friction</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Crystallization</subject><subject>Filaments</subject><subject>Fillers</subject><subject>Fused deposition modeling</subject><subject>Graphene</subject><subject>Hardness</subject><subject>Lactic acid</subject><subject>Load</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Modulus of elasticity</subject><subject>Nanocomposites</subject><subject>Nanoparticles</subject><subject>Polylactic acid</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Raw materials</subject><subject>Structure</subject><subject>Three dimensional printing</subject><subject>Tribology</subject><subject>Wear rate</subject><subject>Wear resistance</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><recordid>eNpdksFu1DAQhiMEolXpkSuyxKUcUmLHTuITqlbdtlIFKyjnaGJPdl05cbCzRX0Q3pfZbqla7IOt8ff_4xlNlr3nxWlZ6uLzFPz9wBXnQir-KjsURV3msqyK18_uB9lxSrcFLamqitdvs4OyFloLqQ-zP8ttQsuWzsOA48yW0EVnYKbYisxPPJjZGQbG2U9sBXFO7Du6sQ_REPLbzRv2YxPizBYQuzCSUYeRwWjZRYRpgyOyrzCGiZTOeEx7ydUwxXBHBjfRdcGHNaX0bBXDhMRhepe96cEnPH48j7Kfy_ObxWV-_e3ianF2nRup1Jz3vMHackkdsMqC4I3RtoDSNKCt7mtpNJiq7ngDParG8Ep0HTaSd73hum7Ko-zL3nfadgNaQx2I4NspugHifRvAtS9fRrdp1-Gu5YVQtEpyOHl0iOHXFtPcDi4Z9B5GDNvUikbISpeq0YR-_A-9Dds4Un0PVEF1aEXU6Z5ag8d212lKbGhbHJwJI_aO4me1ErKuGrET5HuBiSGliP3T93nR7qakfTElxH94XvMT_W8myr_pQbuN</recordid><startdate>20230525</startdate><enddate>20230525</enddate><creator>Al Abir, Anzum</creator><creator>Chakrabarti, Dipto</creator><creator>Trindade, Bruno</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6487-831X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-8465</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20230525</creationdate><title>Fused Filament Fabricated Poly(lactic acid) Parts Reinforced with Short Carbon Fiber and Graphene Nanoparticles with Improved Tribological Properties</title><author>Al Abir, Anzum ; Chakrabarti, Dipto ; Trindade, Bruno</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c455t-f18e7d14151d5da218c9d0a3c8a9d9f74c9ac67b18afe58c162bbe841bfc19783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>3-D printers</topic><topic>3D printing</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Carbon fibers</topic><topic>Coefficient of friction</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Crystallization</topic><topic>Filaments</topic><topic>Fillers</topic><topic>Fused deposition modeling</topic><topic>Graphene</topic><topic>Hardness</topic><topic>Lactic acid</topic><topic>Load</topic><topic>Mechanical properties</topic><topic>Methods</topic><topic>Modulus of elasticity</topic><topic>Nanocomposites</topic><topic>Nanoparticles</topic><topic>Polylactic acid</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Raw materials</topic><topic>Structure</topic><topic>Three dimensional printing</topic><topic>Tribology</topic><topic>Wear rate</topic><topic>Wear resistance</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Al Abir, Anzum</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chakrabarti, Dipto</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trindade, Bruno</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Al Abir, Anzum</au><au>Chakrabarti, Dipto</au><au>Trindade, Bruno</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fused Filament Fabricated Poly(lactic acid) Parts Reinforced with Short Carbon Fiber and Graphene Nanoparticles with Improved Tribological Properties</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><addtitle>Polymers (Basel)</addtitle><date>2023-05-25</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>2451</spage><pages>2451-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>This study investigated the mechanical and tribological properties of 3D-printed Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) composites reinforced with different concentrations of carbon fibers (SCF) and graphene nanoparticles (GNP) (0.5 to 5 wt.% of each filler). The samples were produced using FFF (fused filament fabrication) 3D printing. The results showed a good dispersion of the fillers in the composites. SCF and GNP promoted the crystallization of the PLA filaments. The hardness, elastic modulus, and specific wear resistance grew with the increase in the filler concentration. A hardness improvement of about 30% was observed for the composite with 5 wt.% of SCF + 5 wt.% GNP (PSG-5) compared to PLA. The same trend was observed for the elastic modulus with an increase of 220%. All the composites presented lower coefficients of friction (0.49 to 0.6) than PLA (0.71). The composite PSG-5 sample showed the lowest value of specific wear rate (4.04 × 10
mm
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| subjects | 3-D printers 3D printing Analysis Carbon fibers Coefficient of friction Composite materials Crystallization Filaments Fillers Fused deposition modeling Graphene Hardness Lactic acid Load Mechanical properties Methods Modulus of elasticity Nanocomposites Nanoparticles Polylactic acid Polymers Raw materials Structure Three dimensional printing Tribology Wear rate Wear resistance |
| title | Fused Filament Fabricated Poly(lactic acid) Parts Reinforced with Short Carbon Fiber and Graphene Nanoparticles with Improved Tribological Properties |
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