Heat Shock Proteins in Tooth Development and Injury Repair

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a class of molecular chaperones with expression increased in response to heat or other stresses. HSPs regulate cell homeostasis by modulating the folding and maturation of intracellular proteins. Tooth development is a complex process that involves many cell activities. During tooth preparation or trauma, teeth can be damaged. The damaged teeth start their repair process by remineralizing and regenerating tissue. During tooth development and injury repair, different HSPs have different expression patterns and play a special role in odontoblast differentiation and ameloblast secretion by mediating signaling pathways or participating in protein transport. This review explores the expression patterns and potential mechanisms of HSPs, particularly HSP25, HSP60 and HSP70, in tooth development and injury repair.