A cross-sectional study on gut microbiota in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing kidney transplant or hemodialysis

To investigate whether the gut microbiota differs in patients with chronic kidney disease receiving kidney transplant or hemodialysis, and to explore the relationship between the gut microbiota and clinical indicators. A total of 72 patients with kidney transplantation (RT) and 78 patients with hemodialysis (HD) admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2019 to October 2022 were selected as the research subjects. The V3-V4 region sequences of 16S rRNA were used for high-throughput sequencing to analyze the differences in gut microbiome between the two groups and its relationship with clinical indicators. Gut microbial α diversity (Chao1, Ace, Shannon, Simpson) was significantly decreased in RT patients compared with that in HD patients (P