Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Effect of Ginger Fraction Loaded PLGA Microspheres Fabricated by Coaxial Electrospray

Various poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loaded with the ginger fraction were fabricated by controlling the electrospray parameters and their biocompatibility and antibacterial activity were identified in this study. The morphology of the microspheres was observed using scanning electron microscopy. The core-shell structures of the microparticles and the presence of ginger fraction in the microspheres were confirmed by fluorescence analysis using a confocal laser scanning microscopy system. In addition, the biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of PLGA microspheres loaded with ginger fraction were evaluated through a cytotoxicity test using osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells and an antibacterial test using Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis, respectively. The optimum PLGA microspheres loaded with ginger fraction were fabricated under electrospray operational conditions with 3% PLGA concentration in solution, an applied voltage of 15.5 kV, a flow rate of 15 µL/min in the shell nozzle, and 3 µL/min in the core nozzle. The effectual antibacterial effect and enhanced biocompatibility were identified when a 3% ginger fraction in PLGA microspheres was loaded.