Pediatric Bronchography: The Problem of Segmental Pulmonary Loss of Volume: I. A Retrospective Study of 165 Pediatric Bronchograms

When 165 pediatric bronchograms were reviewed, 45% revealed evidence of complicating segmental pulmonary collapse. The pulmonary loss of volume correlated with the more readily diffusable gas mixtures used in general anesthesia. With partial bronchial obstruction by contrast material and loss of normal reflex protective mechanisms by general anesthesia, segmental pulmonary collapse readily occurred. The use of halothane anesthesia and aqueous contrast agents also contributed to the pulmonary collapse. In addition, there was an apparent relationship to asthma and other allergic states. There was no correlation with the amount of contrast material used, length of time required for study, or premedication administered.