Field performance evaluation of low-cost PM 2.5 sensors for enhancing spatial resolution of PM 2.5 monitoring: a case study in the smart city of Sejong, Korea
Due to the adverse health effects of PM (particles with a diameter less than 2.5 μm), the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for PM have been established in many countries. Ambient PM concentrations are monitored to determine compliance with the NAAQS, where beta attenuation monitors (BA...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental monitoring and assessment 2024-12, Vol.197 (1), p.118 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Due to the adverse health effects of PM
(particles with a diameter less than 2.5 μm), the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) for PM
have been established in many countries. Ambient PM
concentrations are monitored to determine compliance with the NAAQS, where beta attenuation monitors (BAMs) are widely used as a reference method. However, the high costs of installation and maintenance of BAMs result in difficulties in enhancing the spatial resolution of PM
monitoring. In this context, low-cost PM
sensors (LCSs) have been widely deployed for PM
measurements. Despite their low cost and ease of installation, concerns regarding the data reliability of LCSs remain unresolved, necessitating further field research under various environmental conditions. In this study, we conducted a data comparability assessment between 125 LCSs and two BAMs over 12 months. Daily average PM
concentrations measured by LCSs generally agreed with those from BAMs. However, when comparing hourly PM
data, we found that the data comparability of LCSs against BAMs was lower than that of the daily average data, primarily influenced by ambient PM
levels. Additionally, we found statistical differences in PM
concentrations among six regions within the study area. This indicates that ambient PM
levels can vary within a small area, supporting the necessity of monitoring PM
on a small scale. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the sensors demonstrate both potential and limitations in PM
monitoring. Therefore, to use LCSs for PM
monitoring, it is necessary to appropriately select the averaging time and PM
concentration ranges, considering local environmental conditions and the inherent characteristics of LCSs. |
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ISSN: | 1573-2959 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s10661-024-13601-2 |