The antimalarial profiling of Mangifera indica 's herbal formulation attenuated biochemical alterations and improved hepatocytes' histoarchitecture in Plasmodium berghei -infected mice

Plasmodium parasite causes malaria and affects the biochemical, physiological, and histoarchitecture of the hepatocytes and blood. The resultant effect leads to alterations in the metabolic activities of the liver, erythrocytes, as well as the buffer system. Therefore, we investigated the antiplasmodial activity, histomorphological studies of the hepatocytes and alterations in biochemical parameters in infected mice administered with the herbal formulation of aqueous extracts of stem bark and leaves. The plant coarse leaves (250.71 g) and stem bark (509.34 g) were weighed to obtain their ratios, macerated in boiled distilled water (5 L) for 72 h, filtered, and concentrated to obtain the various extracts whereas LD calculation gave 5500.19 mg/kg. The extracts were administered to eleven groups of mice at a dosage of 300 mg/kg whereas artesunate and ACT served as the positive control drugs; the antiplasmodial profiling, biochemical, and histological evaluations followed standard protocols. The schizonticidal activity of the extracts were remarkable; moreover, the histological section of the liver (negative control) had increased deposition of hemozoin, sinusoidal congestions, activation of kupffer cells, and portal tract inflammations; however, the other treatment groups in the study drastically reduced inflammation. The biochemical parameters' results revealed metabolic acidosis mitigation; hypocholesterolemia induction; enhanced hyperproteinemia, as well as hypoglycemia mitigation. The antiplasmodial therapeutic response, and biochemical derangements reversal corroborated with improved hepatocytes histoarchitecture of mice highlights the plant's pharmacological efficacy.