An advanced pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma patient harboring a BRAF V600E mutation responds to dabrafenib and trametinib: a case report and literature review

The pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of NSCLC with rapid progression and poor prognosis, and is resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Most PSC cases have potential targetable genomic alterations. Approximately 7% of PSC patients have BRAF mutations, and the efficacy of dabrafenib and trametinib in BRAF mutated PSC is unclear. Our report describes a patient with mutated BRAF PSC who underwent surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy early but quickly relapsed. Both chemotherapy and immunotherapy were ineffective for him, combined dabrafenib and trametinib produced a 6-month progression-free survival, and a partial response was observed in the tumor response evaluation. As a result of financial pressure, he stopped taking the targeted drugs, and his disease rapidly progressed. Dabrafenib combined with trametinib provides partial remission in patients with advanced PSC with BRAF mutations, and large-scale NGS panels could offer more options for PSC treatment.