Handcuffed antisense oligonucleotides for light-controlled cell-free expression

Developing simple methods to silence antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) using photocages opens up the possibility of precise regulation of biological systems. Here, we have developed a photocaging strategy based on 'handcuffing' two ASOs to a protein. Silencing was achieved by divalent binding of two terminally photocleavable biotin-modified ASOs to a single streptavidin. These 'handcuffed' oligonucleotides showed a drastic reduction in gene knockdown activity in cell-free protein synthesis and were unlocked through illumination, regaining full activity. Topologically constraining antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) into a handcuff structure, via photocages, silences their activity and opens up the possibility of precise light-controlled regulation of biological systems.