Comparison of work- and non-work-related lower extremity burn injuries: a retrospective analysis

Lower extremity burn injuries are among the most affected anatomical regions in hospitalized burn patients. Our objective was to compare burn patients with work-related isolated lower extremity burn injuries (w-ILEBI) and patients with non-work-related isolated lower extremity burn injuries (nw-ILEBI). Sixty-four (15.7%) of 407 patients (16-92 years) were in the w-ILEBI cohort. The most extensive burn wounds were among patients in the fire-flame group with a median total body surface area percent (%TBSA) of 27.0 (IQR= 11.0-45.0%). While 50 (76.9%) patients in the electrical group had full-thickness burns, 99 (60%) of the cases in the scald group had superficial partial-thickness burns. Blood and wound sample cultures were positive in 42 (29.4%) patients in the fire-flame group. Approximately one-third of patients in the fire-flame/electrical group required escharotomy/fasciotomy procedures, only one (0.6%) case in the scald group, and none in the chemical/contact groups. Thirty-three (51%) of the patients in the electrical group underwent skin grafting, but fourteen (21.5%) required amputations. The highest mortality was detected in 27 (18.9%) patients in the fire-flame group. This study revealed several differences in clinical characteristics of isolated lower extremity burn injuries (ILEBI): burn mechanism and depth, %TBSA, infection, surgery requirements, laterality, and mortality. Within the scope of occupational health and safety measures, protective clothing and increased workplace and safety training for employers/employees should be implemented.