Characterization of macular choroid in normal‐tension glaucoma: a swept‐source optical coherence tomography study

Purpose To investigate the features of the small‐to‐medium (choriocapillaris and Sattler’s layer) and large (Haller’s layer) sized vessel layers of the macular choroid in normal‐tension glaucoma (NTG) patients using swept‐source optical coherence tomography (SS‐OCT). Methods We conducted an observational cross‐sectional study in 234 NTG eyes from 134 patients, and 203 normal eyes from 109 non‐glaucomatous control subjects. We used Image J to segment the choroidal layer and then a Python script to measure the average macular choroidal thickness (MCT) and choroidal vascular index (CVI) of two vessel layers at five different locations. Quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) metrics for the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) at macular region were also measured by a customized MATLAB program. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) models were performed to determine ocular and demographic factors associated with the choroidal metrics, adjusting for inter‐eye correlation. Results Significant average MCT thinning was found in NTG eyes at all five locations of the two layers, in comparison with controls (all p ≤ 0.05). In addition, compared with control eyes, significant decrease in CVI was found in NTG eyes at all five sections of the large sized vessel layer: 500 µm nasal and temporal to macula (p = 0.002), 1500 µm nasal (p