Ni and TiO 2 nanoparticles cause adhesion and cytoskeletal changes in human osteoblasts

Titanium-based alloys have established a crucial role in implantology. As material deteriorates overtime, nanoparticles of TiO and Ni are released. This study is focused on the impact of TiO and Ni nanoparticles with size of 100 nm on cytoskeletal and adhesive changes in human physiological and osteoarthritic osteoblasts. The impact of nanoparticles with concentration of 1.5 ng/mL on actin and tubulin expression and gene expression of FAK and ICAM-1 was studied. The cell size and actin expression of physiological osteoblasts decreased in presence of Ni nanoparticles, while TiO nanoparticles caused increase in cell size and actin expression. Both cell lines expressed more FAK as a response to TiO nanoparticles. ICAM-1 gene was overexpressed in both cell lines as a reaction to both types of nanoparticles. The presented study shows a crucial role of Ni and TiO nanoparticles in human osteoblast cytoskeletal and adhesive changes, especially connected with the osteoarthritic cells. Graphical abstract.