A Novel Urinary Biomarker Approach Reveals Widespread Exposure to Multiple Low-Calorie Sweeteners in Adults

ABSTRACT Background Observational investigations into the health impacts of low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) in humans fail to adequately identify or fully characterize LCS consumption. Objectives We aimed to utilize a novel biomarker approach to investigate exposure to 5 LCSs and to test whether repor...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Journal of nutrition 2020-09, Vol.150 (9), p.2435-2441
Hauptverfasser: Logue, Caomhan, Dowey, Le Roy C, Verhagen, Hans, Strain, J J, O'Mahony, Maeve, Kapsokefalou, Maria, Athanasatou, Adelais, Gallagher, Alison M
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT Background Observational investigations into the health impacts of low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) in humans fail to adequately identify or fully characterize LCS consumption. Objectives We aimed to utilize a novel biomarker approach to investigate exposure to 5 LCSs and to test whether reported low-calorie sweetened beverage (LCSB) consumption effectively identifies exposure to LCSs in adults. Methods In this cross-sectional analysis, 2 population studies were conducted in adults. Urinary excretions of 5 LCSs, namely acesulfame-K, saccharin, cyclamate, sucralose, and steviol glycosides, were simultaneously determined using LC tandem-MS. In Study 1, previously collected 24-h urine samples (n = 357) were analyzed. In Study 2, previously collected 24-h urine samples (n = 79) were analyzed to compare urinary excretions of LCSs with self-reported LCSB consumption for identifying LCS exposure. Exposure to LCSs was characterized using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed to assess associations between age-groups and LCS excretion, and to assess the proportion of individuals identified as LCS consumers using biomarker data or reported LCSB consumption. Results A total of 341 adults (45% men) and 79 adults (39% men) were included in the final analysis of Studies 1 and 2, respectively. In Study 1, >96% of samples contained ≥1 LCS and almost 60% contained ≥3 LCSs. A greater proportion of younger adults (40 y old) (P
ISSN:0022-3166
1541-6100
DOI:10.1093/jn/nxaa184