Radiographic Severity of Metopic Craniosynostosis Correlates with Long-Term Neurocognitive Outcomes

Reports of neurodevelopmental delays in adolescents with metopic craniosynostosis have ranged from 15 to 61 percent. Previously, event-related potentials have correlated preoperative radiographic severity with language deficiencies in infancy. This study sought to characterize neurocognitive testing at cranial maturity and correlate outcomes to preoperative radiographic severity. Patients diagnosed with metopic craniosynostosis who underwent surgical correction in infancy completed a neurodevelopmental battery evaluating age-normalized intelligence quotient, academic achievement, and visuomotor integration. Data were stratified by preoperative endocranial bifrontal angle (moderate, >124 degrees; severe,