Patients living with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral therapy diagnosed with lipid and carbohydrate disorders who are at risk of cardio-vascular disease: study conducted at the Medical Centre of the ONG Espoir Vie in Lomé

Antiretroviral drugs are responsible for side effects or undesirable effects. These may include redistribution of adipose tissue and disorders of the lipid or carbohydrate metabolism. Given the growing number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy, it is necessary to assess the frequency of disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients who are on antiretroviral therapy (ARV). Our analysis focused on 493 patients with HIV/AIDS and on ARV treated in the Medical Centre of the ONG Espoir Vie Togo, Lomé. Paraclinical data such as blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were studied. The study showed the following anomalies: hypercholesterolemia, LDL hypercholesterolemia, HDL-hypocholesterolemia were found in 41.4%, 23.5% and 17.4% of patients respectively. The incidence of hyperglycemia was 12.4%. It is important to note that the incidence of lipido carbohydrate disorders was higher in patients receiving treatment schedule including protease inhibitors. The study also highlighted that 31.2% of patients with disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were overweight or obese. The incidence of these disorders differs depending on whether patients were under triple therapy including protease inhibitors or not.