The Application of Lactobacillus reuteri CCM 8617 and Flaxseed Positively Improved the Health of Mice Challenged with Enterotoxigenic E. coli O149:F4

The aim of our study was to monitor the effects of dietary synbiotics on experimentally infected mice. Sixty mice were divided into the following three groups: negative control group C1, positive control group C2 (mice infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli O149:F4 NAL ), and experimental group LF ( Lactobacillus reuteri CCM 8617 RIF + 10% flaxseed + E. coli O149:F4 NAL ). Supplements were administered for 42 days. Microbiological, hematological, and biochemical analyses, electrophoretic analysis of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes, and analysis of fatty acids using gas chromatography and isotachophoresis were performed. We recorded higher numbers of jejunal and ileal lactic acid bacteria, lower Enterobacteriaceae counts in the feces of the animals, and an increased production of organic acids in the synbiotic-fed group. The supplements applied favored n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism and inhibited n−6 PUFA metabolism; thus, they influenced the n−6 to n−3 and eicosapentaenoic to arachidonic acid ratios. Additionally, the incorporation of n−3 PUFAs to the cell membrane decreased the activity of LDH, transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase. Results obtained in our study indicate the positive effect of continuous supplementation of combination of probiotic cheese enriched with L. reuteri CCM 8617 RIF and crushed flaxseed on composition of intestinal microflora and alleviation of the course of infection induced by pathogenic bacterium E. coli O149:F4 NAL .