Dendrite-free deposition on lithium anode toward long-life and high-stable Li//graphite dual-ion battery

Metallic lithium protection plays a crucial role on improving the electrochemical properties of Li-anode-based batteries. Herein, for an advanced Li//graphite dual-ion battery, constructing a robust and conductive film of carbon nanofibers on a Li anode effectively achieves dendrite-free Li growth and hence significantly enhances the long-life cyclic stability. Following modification with a carbon nanofibers film, an advanced Li//graphite dual-ion battery shows superior cycle life with dendrite-free Li anode.