9‑Glutathionyl-6,7-dihydro-1-hydroxymethyl‑5H‑pyrrolizine Is the Major Pyrrolic Glutathione Conjugate of Retronecine-Type Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Liver Microsomes and in Rats

Retronecine-, otonecine-, and heliotridine-type pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are all reported to be hepatotoxic. These PAs are suggested to be metabolized to the corresponding electrophilic dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (dehydro-PAs) and subsequently conjugated with macromolecules, such as glutath...

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