Rapid Viral Rebound after 4 Years of Suppressive Therapy in a Seronegative HIV-1 Infected Infant Treated from Birth

Attention has focused on the possibility of cure for HIV infected infants if treated promptly following delivery. The 'Mississippi baby', who had very prolonged remission following ARV discontinuation, may represent a unique situation. We report an infant treated from birth, who seroreverted, remained virologically suppressed, and had undetectable HIV-1 RNA and DNA at four years of age, yet experienced virologic rebound within days of discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy.