Healthcare resource usage of schizophrenia patients initiating long-acting injectable antipsychotics vs oral

Abstract Objective: To compare hospitalizations and incidence of relapses among patients with schizophrenia initiating long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics vs oral antipsychotics. Methods: Patients with schizophrenia initiating LAI antipsychotics or oral antipsychotics (index events) were identified from large databases (MarketScan; Truven Health Analytics, CA), containing commercial and Medicare healthcare claims and their pre-index (12-month baseline period) and post-index (12-month follow-up period) hospitalizations and relapse rates were compared. Descriptive and bivariate statistics were utilized to compare demographics, clinical characteristics, and hospital resource usage among cohorts. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the impact of initiating LAI vs oral antipsychotics on differences in the number of hospitalizations and length of stay (LOS) between follow-up and baseline periods. Results: Commercially insured patients initiating LAI antipsychotics (n = 394) had significant reductions in inpatient healthcare usage after initiating antipsychotic therapy: mean number (±standard deviation) of all cause hospitalizations (1.60 ± 1.66 vs 0.70 ± 1.20, p