Current situation and prospect on the remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals

Physio-chemical techniques and phytoremediation are the important methods for solving heavy metal pollution of environment. According to the processes and mechanisms of reactions, physio-chemical techniques can be divided into chemical immobilization, soil washing and electrokinetic remediation, while phytoremediation includes phytostabilization, phyto-volatilization and phyto-extraction. The principles, advantages, disadvantages, feasibility and future research trends of the techniques were reviewed.