An hydroalcoholic extract of Curcuma longa lowers the apo B/apo A ratio : Implications for atherogenesis prevention

It is generally accepted that free-radical induced blood lipid peroxidation and especially peroxidized LDL play a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular disease. Moreover, recent research highlights the key contribution of apolipoprotein B (apo B) to atherogenesis as the main inductor of one of its earlier steps, i.e. macrophage prolipheration. This has led us to investigate the apo B response to a very effective phenolic lipid-antioxidant, namely an hydroalcoholic extract of Curcuma longa, which according to our previous work does not show any toxic effects and decreases the levels of blood lipid peroxides, oxidized lipoproteins and fibrinogen. The present study shows that a daily oral administration of the extract decreases significantly the LDL and apo B and increases the HDL and apo A of healthy subjects. This and recent data on the increased anti-atherogenic action of the physiological antioxidant tocopherol in the presence of phenolic co-antioxidants (which eliminate the tocopheroxyl radical), justifies planned clinical research to test the usefulness of the curcuma extract as a co-antioxidant complement to standard treatments to prevent or retard atherosclerosis.