In vitro efficacy of fosfomycin-containing regimens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms

Objectives To compare the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of antistaphylococcal antibiotics in combination with fosfomycin or rifampicin, using a biofilm model. Methods The antibacterial activities of fusidic acid, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, minocycline, fosfomycin and tigecycli...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 2012-04, Vol.67 (4), p.944-950
Hauptverfasser: Tang, Hung-Jen, Chen, Chi-Chung, Cheng, Kuo-Chen, Toh, Han-Siong, Su, Bo-An, Chiang, Shyh-Ren, Ko, Wen-Chien, Chuang, Yin-Ching
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 950
container_issue 4
container_start_page 944
container_title Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
container_volume 67
creator Tang, Hung-Jen
Chen, Chi-Chung
Cheng, Kuo-Chen
Toh, Han-Siong
Su, Bo-An
Chiang, Shyh-Ren
Ko, Wen-Chien
Chuang, Yin-Ching
description Objectives To compare the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of antistaphylococcal antibiotics in combination with fosfomycin or rifampicin, using a biofilm model. Methods The antibacterial activities of fusidic acid, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, minocycline, fosfomycin and tigecycline, individually and in fosfomycin or rifampicin combinations, were measured against planktonic or biofilm-embedded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with susceptible and resistant breakpoint concentrations (SBCs and RBCs, respectively), using the MTT-staining method and by counting the number of cfu in the biofilms. Results Linezolid alone at its SBC, and fosfomycin, linezolid, minocycline and tigecycline at their RBCs, exhibited killing effects on biofilm-embedded MRSA (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1093/jac/dkr535
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_927988579</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><oup_id>10.1093/jac/dkr535</oup_id><sourcerecordid>1008844319</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-f76f3a4a29a689ecd0dedb095546115c9edd0e19461f64950ca5c551d558014b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp90U1rGzEQBmARWho37SU_IIhCaClsM1p9eHUMoR-BQA9tz4s8KzlydiVH0hb876NgN4EechpGPLxieAk5ZfCFgeYXG4MXw12SXB6RBRMKmhY0e0UWwEE2SyH5MXmb8wYAlFTdG3Lctq3sNGcLkq8D_etLitQ659HgjkZHXcwuTjv0ocEYivHBhzVNdu0nGzI16_qSC51sufXox7G6ZLPPxYRCfxWzvd2NESPiXPGcbB0-0JWPzo9TfkdeOzNm-_4wT8ifb19_X_1obn5-v766vGlQiLY0bqkcN8K02qhOWxxgsMMKtJRCMSZR22EAy3TdnBJaAhqJUrJByg6YWPET8nGfu03xfra59JPPaMfRBBvn3Ot2qbtOLnWVn16UDKDrhODskX74j27inEK9o-ZpzUC1oqLPe4Qp5pys67fJTybtalL_2FlfO-v3nVV8dkicV5Mdnui_kio4PwCT0YwumYA-PzupeD0Enl2cty99-AAxS62k</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>929910624</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>In vitro efficacy of fosfomycin-containing regimens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals</source><source>Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current)</source><source>Alma/SFX Local Collection</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Tang, Hung-Jen ; Chen, Chi-Chung ; Cheng, Kuo-Chen ; Toh, Han-Siong ; Su, Bo-An ; Chiang, Shyh-Ren ; Ko, Wen-Chien ; Chuang, Yin-Ching</creator><creatorcontrib>Tang, Hung-Jen ; Chen, Chi-Chung ; Cheng, Kuo-Chen ; Toh, Han-Siong ; Su, Bo-An ; Chiang, Shyh-Ren ; Ko, Wen-Chien ; Chuang, Yin-Ching</creatorcontrib><description>Objectives To compare the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of antistaphylococcal antibiotics in combination with fosfomycin or rifampicin, using a biofilm model. Methods The antibacterial activities of fusidic acid, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, minocycline, fosfomycin and tigecycline, individually and in fosfomycin or rifampicin combinations, were measured against planktonic or biofilm-embedded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with susceptible and resistant breakpoint concentrations (SBCs and RBCs, respectively), using the MTT-staining method and by counting the number of cfu in the biofilms. Results Linezolid alone at its SBC, and fosfomycin, linezolid, minocycline and tigecycline at their RBCs, exhibited killing effects on biofilm-embedded MRSA (P &lt; 0.0001). Of the eight fosfomycin combinations studied, fosfomycin combined with linezolid, minocycline, vancomycin or teicoplanin at their respective SBCs, exhibited enhanced antibacterial activities (P &lt; 0.0001) when compared with the control group, and outperformed rifampicin combinations (P &lt; 0.01). The killing effects of fosfomycin combinations at their respective RBCs were better than those at their respective SBCs (P &lt; 0.05). Significantly enhanced killing effects were observed with fosfomycin in combination with vancomycin or teicoplanin, compared with vancomycin or teicoplanin alone. For 10 randomly selected MRSA isolates, the results of colony counting in biofilms were comparable with those of the MTT-staining method. Conclusions Fosfomycin enhanced the activities of linezolid, minocycline, vancomycin and teicoplanin. These combinatorial treatments were even better than rifampicin combination regimens, and may provide therapeutic advantages in catheter-related or prosthetic joint infections.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0305-7453</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-2091</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr535</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22258931</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JACHDX</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Oxford: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; Antibiotics ; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents ; Bacterial diseases ; Biofilms ; Biofilms - drug effects ; Biological and medical sciences ; Drug Interactions ; Drug resistance ; Fosfomycin - pharmacology ; Human bacterial diseases ; Humans ; Infectious diseases ; Medical sciences ; Medical treatment ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Microbial Viability - drug effects ; Pharmacology. Drug treatments ; Rifampin - pharmacology ; Staining and Labeling - methods ; Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Staphylococcus infections ; Tetrazolium Salts - metabolism ; Thiazoles - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2012-04, Vol.67 (4), p.944-950</ispartof><rights>The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com 2012</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Oxford Publishing Limited(England) Apr 2012</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-f76f3a4a29a689ecd0dedb095546115c9edd0e19461f64950ca5c551d558014b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-f76f3a4a29a689ecd0dedb095546115c9edd0e19461f64950ca5c551d558014b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,777,781,1579,27905,27906</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=25637980$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22258931$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tang, Hung-Jen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chi-Chung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Kuo-Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toh, Han-Siong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Bo-An</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiang, Shyh-Ren</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Wen-Chien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Yin-Ching</creatorcontrib><title>In vitro efficacy of fosfomycin-containing regimens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms</title><title>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</title><addtitle>J Antimicrob Chemother</addtitle><description>Objectives To compare the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of antistaphylococcal antibiotics in combination with fosfomycin or rifampicin, using a biofilm model. Methods The antibacterial activities of fusidic acid, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, minocycline, fosfomycin and tigecycline, individually and in fosfomycin or rifampicin combinations, were measured against planktonic or biofilm-embedded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with susceptible and resistant breakpoint concentrations (SBCs and RBCs, respectively), using the MTT-staining method and by counting the number of cfu in the biofilms. Results Linezolid alone at its SBC, and fosfomycin, linezolid, minocycline and tigecycline at their RBCs, exhibited killing effects on biofilm-embedded MRSA (P &lt; 0.0001). Of the eight fosfomycin combinations studied, fosfomycin combined with linezolid, minocycline, vancomycin or teicoplanin at their respective SBCs, exhibited enhanced antibacterial activities (P &lt; 0.0001) when compared with the control group, and outperformed rifampicin combinations (P &lt; 0.01). The killing effects of fosfomycin combinations at their respective RBCs were better than those at their respective SBCs (P &lt; 0.05). Significantly enhanced killing effects were observed with fosfomycin in combination with vancomycin or teicoplanin, compared with vancomycin or teicoplanin alone. For 10 randomly selected MRSA isolates, the results of colony counting in biofilms were comparable with those of the MTT-staining method. Conclusions Fosfomycin enhanced the activities of linezolid, minocycline, vancomycin and teicoplanin. These combinatorial treatments were even better than rifampicin combination regimens, and may provide therapeutic advantages in catheter-related or prosthetic joint infections.</description><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Antibiotics</subject><subject>Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Biofilms</subject><subject>Biofilms - drug effects</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Drug Interactions</subject><subject>Drug resistance</subject><subject>Fosfomycin - pharmacology</subject><subject>Human bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infectious diseases</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Medical treatment</subject><subject>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects</subject><subject>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology</subject><subject>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</subject><subject>Microbial Viability - drug effects</subject><subject>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</subject><subject>Rifampin - pharmacology</subject><subject>Staining and Labeling - methods</subject><subject>Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections</subject><subject>Staphylococcus aureus</subject><subject>Staphylococcus infections</subject><subject>Tetrazolium Salts - metabolism</subject><subject>Thiazoles - metabolism</subject><issn>0305-7453</issn><issn>1460-2091</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2012</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp90U1rGzEQBmARWho37SU_IIhCaClsM1p9eHUMoR-BQA9tz4s8KzlydiVH0hb876NgN4EechpGPLxieAk5ZfCFgeYXG4MXw12SXB6RBRMKmhY0e0UWwEE2SyH5MXmb8wYAlFTdG3Lctq3sNGcLkq8D_etLitQ659HgjkZHXcwuTjv0ocEYivHBhzVNdu0nGzI16_qSC51sufXox7G6ZLPPxYRCfxWzvd2NESPiXPGcbB0-0JWPzo9TfkdeOzNm-_4wT8ifb19_X_1obn5-v766vGlQiLY0bqkcN8K02qhOWxxgsMMKtJRCMSZR22EAy3TdnBJaAhqJUrJByg6YWPET8nGfu03xfra59JPPaMfRBBvn3Ot2qbtOLnWVn16UDKDrhODskX74j27inEK9o-ZpzUC1oqLPe4Qp5pys67fJTybtalL_2FlfO-v3nVV8dkicV5Mdnui_kio4PwCT0YwumYA-PzupeD0Enl2cty99-AAxS62k</recordid><startdate>20120401</startdate><enddate>20120401</enddate><creator>Tang, Hung-Jen</creator><creator>Chen, Chi-Chung</creator><creator>Cheng, Kuo-Chen</creator><creator>Toh, Han-Siong</creator><creator>Su, Bo-An</creator><creator>Chiang, Shyh-Ren</creator><creator>Ko, Wen-Chien</creator><creator>Chuang, Yin-Ching</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>Oxford Publishing Limited (England)</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20120401</creationdate><title>In vitro efficacy of fosfomycin-containing regimens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms</title><author>Tang, Hung-Jen ; Chen, Chi-Chung ; Cheng, Kuo-Chen ; Toh, Han-Siong ; Su, Bo-An ; Chiang, Shyh-Ren ; Ko, Wen-Chien ; Chuang, Yin-Ching</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-f76f3a4a29a689ecd0dedb095546115c9edd0e19461f64950ca5c551d558014b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2012</creationdate><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Antibiotics</topic><topic>Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Biofilms</topic><topic>Biofilms - drug effects</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Drug Interactions</topic><topic>Drug resistance</topic><topic>Fosfomycin - pharmacology</topic><topic>Human bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infectious diseases</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Medical treatment</topic><topic>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects</topic><topic>Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology</topic><topic>Microbial Sensitivity Tests</topic><topic>Microbial Viability - drug effects</topic><topic>Pharmacology. Drug treatments</topic><topic>Rifampin - pharmacology</topic><topic>Staining and Labeling - methods</topic><topic>Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections</topic><topic>Staphylococcus aureus</topic><topic>Staphylococcus infections</topic><topic>Tetrazolium Salts - metabolism</topic><topic>Thiazoles - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tang, Hung-Jen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, Chi-Chung</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Kuo-Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Toh, Han-Siong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Su, Bo-An</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chiang, Shyh-Ren</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ko, Wen-Chien</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chuang, Yin-Ching</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Nursing &amp; Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences &amp; Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science &amp; Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tang, Hung-Jen</au><au>Chen, Chi-Chung</au><au>Cheng, Kuo-Chen</au><au>Toh, Han-Siong</au><au>Su, Bo-An</au><au>Chiang, Shyh-Ren</au><au>Ko, Wen-Chien</au><au>Chuang, Yin-Ching</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>In vitro efficacy of fosfomycin-containing regimens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms</atitle><jtitle>Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy</jtitle><addtitle>J Antimicrob Chemother</addtitle><date>2012-04-01</date><risdate>2012</risdate><volume>67</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>944</spage><epage>950</epage><pages>944-950</pages><issn>0305-7453</issn><eissn>1460-2091</eissn><coden>JACHDX</coden><abstract>Objectives To compare the in vitro antibacterial efficacy of antistaphylococcal antibiotics in combination with fosfomycin or rifampicin, using a biofilm model. Methods The antibacterial activities of fusidic acid, linezolid, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rifampicin, minocycline, fosfomycin and tigecycline, individually and in fosfomycin or rifampicin combinations, were measured against planktonic or biofilm-embedded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with susceptible and resistant breakpoint concentrations (SBCs and RBCs, respectively), using the MTT-staining method and by counting the number of cfu in the biofilms. Results Linezolid alone at its SBC, and fosfomycin, linezolid, minocycline and tigecycline at their RBCs, exhibited killing effects on biofilm-embedded MRSA (P &lt; 0.0001). Of the eight fosfomycin combinations studied, fosfomycin combined with linezolid, minocycline, vancomycin or teicoplanin at their respective SBCs, exhibited enhanced antibacterial activities (P &lt; 0.0001) when compared with the control group, and outperformed rifampicin combinations (P &lt; 0.01). The killing effects of fosfomycin combinations at their respective RBCs were better than those at their respective SBCs (P &lt; 0.05). Significantly enhanced killing effects were observed with fosfomycin in combination with vancomycin or teicoplanin, compared with vancomycin or teicoplanin alone. For 10 randomly selected MRSA isolates, the results of colony counting in biofilms were comparable with those of the MTT-staining method. Conclusions Fosfomycin enhanced the activities of linezolid, minocycline, vancomycin and teicoplanin. These combinatorial treatments were even better than rifampicin combination regimens, and may provide therapeutic advantages in catheter-related or prosthetic joint infections.</abstract><cop>Oxford</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>22258931</pmid><doi>10.1093/jac/dkr535</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0305-7453
ispartof Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2012-04, Vol.67 (4), p.944-950
issn 0305-7453
1460-2091
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_927988579
source MEDLINE; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Oxford University Press Journals All Titles (1996-Current); Alma/SFX Local Collection; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry
subjects Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotics
Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents
Bacterial diseases
Biofilms
Biofilms - drug effects
Biological and medical sciences
Drug Interactions
Drug resistance
Fosfomycin - pharmacology
Human bacterial diseases
Humans
Infectious diseases
Medical sciences
Medical treatment
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - physiology
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Microbial Viability - drug effects
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Rifampin - pharmacology
Staining and Labeling - methods
Staphylococcal infections, streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus infections
Tetrazolium Salts - metabolism
Thiazoles - metabolism
title In vitro efficacy of fosfomycin-containing regimens against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in biofilms
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-18T20%3A21%3A28IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=In%20vitro%20efficacy%20of%20fosfomycin-containing%20regimens%20against%20methicillin-resistant%20Staphylococcus%20aureus%20in%20biofilms&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20antimicrobial%20chemotherapy&rft.au=Tang,%20Hung-Jen&rft.date=2012-04-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=944&rft.epage=950&rft.pages=944-950&rft.issn=0305-7453&rft.eissn=1460-2091&rft.coden=JACHDX&rft_id=info:doi/10.1093/jac/dkr535&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1008844319%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=929910624&rft_id=info:pmid/22258931&rft_oup_id=10.1093/jac/dkr535&rfr_iscdi=true