Multiple point action mechanism of valproic acid-teratogenicity alleviated by folic acid, vitamin C, And N-acetylcysteine in chicken embryo model

Highlights ► Valproic acid (VPA) induces teratogenesis. ► VPA induces ROS and SOD, accumulates homocysteine, and suppresses levels of folic acid and HDAC, resulting in teratogenesis. ► Folic acid, vitamin C, and N-acetylcysteine separately alleviate these changes, but partially prevent VPA teratogen...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Toxicology (Amsterdam) 2012-01, Vol.291 (1), p.32-42
Hauptverfasser:	Hsieh, Chiu-Lan, Wang, Hui-Er, Tsai, Wan-Jane, Peng, Chiung-Chi, Peng, Robert Y
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Acetylcysteine - blood Acetylcysteine - pharmacology Animals Anticonvulsants - antagonists & inhibitors Anticonvulsants - toxicity Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents Antioxidants - pharmacology Ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid - blood Ascorbic Acid - pharmacology Biological and medical sciences Chick Embryo Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology Emergency Folic acid Folic Acid - blood Folic Acid - pharmacology Foot Deformities - chemically induced Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Glutathione - metabolism Hindlimb - abnormalities Histone deacetylase Histone Deacetylases - metabolism Homocysteine - metabolism Hydrogen Peroxide - metabolism Joints - abnormalities Joints - pathology Medical sciences Muscle, Skeletal - abnormalities Muscle, Skeletal - pathology N-acetylcysteine Neovascularization, Physiologic - drug effects Neuropharmacology Pharmacology. Drug treatments Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism Teratogens Teratology. Teratogens Tissue Embedding Toxicology Valproic acid Valproic Acid - antagonists & inhibitors Valproic Acid - toxicity Vitamins - blood Vitamins - pharmacology
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Highlights ► Valproic acid (VPA) induces teratogenesis. ► VPA induces ROS and SOD, accumulates homocysteine, and suppresses levels of folic acid and HDAC, resulting in teratogenesis. ► Folic acid, vitamin C, and N-acetylcysteine separately alleviate these changes, but partially prevent VPA teratogenesis.
ISSN:	0300-483X 1879-3185
DOI:	10.1016/j.tox.2011.10.015