First-trimester fetal heart rate in mothers with opioid addiction

ABSTRACT Aim  To investigate the difference in fetal heart rate of opioid‐dependent mothers compared to non‐dependent mothers in the first trimester of pregnancy. Design  The data of 74 consecutive singleton pregnancies of mothers enrolled in a maintenance programme for opioid‐dependent women was ma...

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Veröffentlicht in:Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2010-07, Vol.105 (7), p.1265-1268
Hauptverfasser: Schmid, Maximilian, Kuessel, Lorenz, Klein, Katharina, Metz, Verena, Fischer, Gabriele, Krampl-Bettelheim, Elisabeth
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:ABSTRACT Aim  To investigate the difference in fetal heart rate of opioid‐dependent mothers compared to non‐dependent mothers in the first trimester of pregnancy. Design  The data of 74 consecutive singleton pregnancies of mothers enrolled in a maintenance programme for opioid‐dependent women was matched to 74 non‐exposed singleton pregnancies by maternal age, crown–rump length, smoking status, ethnic background and mode of conception. Measurement  Fetal heart rate measured as part of first‐trimester screening by Doppler ultrasound between 11+0 and 13+6 gestational weeks was compared retrospectively. Findings  The mean fetal heart rate in opioid‐dependent mothers was 156.0 beats per minute (standard deviation 7.3) compared to 159.6 (6.5) in controls. The difference in fetal heart rate was significant (P = 0.02). There was a significant difference in mean maternal body mass index (P = 0.01) but not in mean nuchal translucency (P = 0.3), gestational age (0.5), fetal gender (P = 0.3) and parity (P = 0.3) between both groups. Fifty‐five per cent (41 of 74) of cases were taking methadone, 30% (22 of 74) buprenorphine and 15% (11 of 74) were taking slow‐release morphines throughout the pregnancy. Conclusions  In fetuses of opioid‐dependent mothers a decreased fetal heart rate can already be observed between 11+0 and 13+6 gestational weeks. The effect of opioid intake needs to be taken into consideration when interpreting fetal heart rate in opioid‐dependent mothers at first‐trimester screening.
ISSN:0965-2140
1360-0443
DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02982.x