Happy people thrive on adversity: Pre-existing mood moderates the effect of emotion inductions on creative thinking

► Pre-existing mood was hypothesized to moderate the emotion-creativity link. ► Participants completed one of two creative tasks in three emotion conditions. ► Participants low in depression performed best in the negative emotion condition. ► Participants high in depression performed similarly in all three conditions. Past research on the relationship between affect and creativity has yielded contradictory results. Most of the evidence has tended to show that brief positive emotions as well as more enduring positive moods enhance creativity. No study to date, however, has attempted to determine whether the influence of momentary emotions on creativity depends on pre-existing moods. In the present study, 96 undergraduates completed one of two creative tasks (generating or evaluating captions for photographs) on three occasions, after watching videos designed to induce positive, neutral, or negative emotions. Participants also completed a questionnaire assessing depressed mood. Results confirmed that the effect of emotion inductions on creativity depended on pre-existing mood. Participants low in depression wrote more creative captions and rated captions more accurately with induced negative emotion than with induced positive emotion. In contrast, participants high in depression appeared impervious to the effect of emotion inductions.