Topologies and design considerations for distributed power system applications

This paper describes developments in the technology of converters primarily intended for server-type distributed power system (DPS) applications. The paper first addresses the single-phase two-stage DPS, discussing the available options for simple power factor correction and high-performance DC-DC converters. Next, the concept is extended to three-phase high-power front-end converters, which also use a two-stage approach. Finally the paper presents the developments in load converters, with emphasis on low-, medium-, and high-voltage regulator modules used to supply high-performance microprocessors. The discussion throughout the paper is supported by an extensive list of references and experimental results.