CD20-Positive T-Cell Large Granular Lymphocyte Leukemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature

CD20-positive T-cell malignancy is a rare disease. We report a case of CD20-positive T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGLL). The leukemic cells were positive for CD20 and T cell markers, such as CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8 and CD57. A monoclonal rearrangement of the T-cell receptor (TCR) β chain gene was detected. Twenty-three cases of well-documented CD20-positive T-cell malignancies were reviewed. Most cases were mature T-cell malignancies, especially exhibiting a cytotoxic T-cell phenotype, despite a diversity of the pathological diagnoses. Additional cases must be evaluated to clarify the implications of CD20 expression on T-cell malignancies and to elucidate whether such cases constitute a distinct biologic and clinical disease entity. The accumulation of cases will help to facilitate provision of a proper treatment for CD20-positive T-cell malignancies in the future.