Successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic granulomatous disease with inflammatory complications and severe infection

We report two patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The first patient presented with granulomatous colitis and pulmonary aspergillosis, and the second patient with liver abscess and restrictive pulmonary disorder. Both patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the first from an HLA-matched sibling donor, and the second from an HLA-matched unrelated donor, after preconditioning with fludarabine, anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclophosphamide, and total-body irradiation of 3 Gy. The engraftment was prompt and the regimen-related toxicity was mild. The patients are able to return to their daily lives with full donor chimerism, although the second patient underwent a living-related-donor orthotopic liver transplantation from his mother for chronic liver graft-versus-host disease. The conditioning regimen we used was feasible and applicable to patients with CGD accompanied by inflammatory disease and severe infection.