Anatomical Features of Transcranial Access to the Orbital Cavity

The aim of the present work was to study the anatomical characteristics of transcranial access to the cranio-orbital area and orbital cavity. Preparations were made of 32 eyes from 16 human corpses fixed in formalin. The anatomical study used a typical frontal-temporal approach to the anterior cranial fossa and micropreparation of the orbit structure using three intermuscular approaches. The results showed that at different stages of the transcranial approach its measures were mainly affected either by craniometric parameters or the anatomical characteristics of the disposition of the nerves and vessels of the orbit. These data allow surgical intervention to be planned on the basis of x-ray results and data on the frequencies of anatomical variants of the positions of the branches of the ophthalmic artery.