Echographic measurement of skin thickness in sites suitable for intradermal vaccine injection in infants and children

Highlights ► Measuring skin thickness improves the efficiency of intradermal vaccines. ► In children, 4 areas were studied: deltoid, suprascapular, upper back, and lumbar. ► Suprascapular skin (epidermis + dermis) was significantly thicker than deltoid skin. ► Upper back skin was significantly thick...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Vaccine 2011-10, Vol.29 (46), p.8438-8442
Hauptverfasser:	Ploin, Dominique, Schwarzenbach, Florence, Dubray, Claude, Nicolas, Jean-François, Goujon, Catherine, Trong, Michele Dao, Laurent, Philippe E
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Age Aging Allergy and Immunology Applied microbiology Biological and medical sciences Biometry - methods Body mass index Child Child, Preschool Children Chronic illnesses Confidence intervals dermis Epidermis Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology High resolution ultrasonography Hospitals Humans Infant infants Injections, Intradermal Male Microbiology Population Skin Skin - anatomy & histology Skin - diagnostic imaging Skin thickness Ultrasonic imaging ultrasonics Ultrasonography Vaccination - methods Vaccines Vaccines - administration & dosage Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects) Wound healing
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Highlights ► Measuring skin thickness improves the efficiency of intradermal vaccines. ► In children, 4 areas were studied: deltoid, suprascapular, upper back, and lumbar. ► Suprascapular skin (epidermis + dermis) was significantly thicker than deltoid skin. ► Upper back skin was significantly thicker than lumbar skin. ► Small changes with sex, age, or BMI avoid the need for area-specific microneedles.
ISSN:	0264-410X 1873-2518
DOI:	10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.111