Polyester biocomposites from recycled natural fibers: Characterization and biodegradability

The structure, biodegradability, and morphological properties of composite materials composed of poly(butylene succinate adipate) (PBSA) and bamboo fiber (BF) were evaluated. Composites containing acrylic acid-grafted PBSA (PBSA-g-AA/BF) exhibited noticeably enhanced compatibility between the two components. The dispersion of BF in the PBSA-g-AA matrix was highly homogeneous as a result of ester formation and the consequent creation of branched and crosslinked macromolecules between the carboxyl groups of PBSA-g-AA and hydroxyl groups in BF. In addition, the PBSA-g-AA/BF composite was more easily processed due to a lower melt viscosity. Each composite was subjected to biodegradation tests in an Acinetobacter baumannii compost. Morphological observations indicated severe disruption of film structure after 10-20 days of incubation, and both the PBSA and the PBSA-g-AA/BF composite films were eventually completely degraded. The PBSA-g-AA/BF films were more biodegradable than those made of PBSA and exhibited a lower molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity, implying a strong connection between these characteristics and biodegradability.