One plug may not be enough: a novel technique for the occlusion of high-flow vascular connections: combined AGA vascular plug II and coil occlusion of a sequester artery in a patient with Scimitar Syndrome

A 5-year-old male presented at birth with tachypnea and abnormal chest x-ray. He was diagnosed with Scimitar Syndrome in the neonatal period by ultrasound, which revealed partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) of the right pulmonary vein to the inferior vena cava, as well as dextroversion of the heart, hypoplastic right pulmonary artery, and right lung hypoplasia. Due to the large shunt volume, the patient exhibited signs of congestive heart failure with dilatation of the left atrium and left ventricle. The patient underwent cardiac catheterization, which confirmed the presence of PAPVR as well as a large aorto-pulmonary collateral connecting the sequester to the descending aorta. Due to the high flow within the sequester artery a combined "sandwich" technique was used with two AGA vascular plugs (II) and MWCE Tornado coils. Complete closure of the collateral was achieved.