Electron transport in gold nanowires: stable 1-, 2- and 3-dimensional atomic structures and noninteger conduction states

Experimental conductivity measurements made during highly stable tensile deformation of Au nanowires show a rich variety of behaviors, including noninteger quantum conductance plateaus, transitions, and slopes. Using tight binding conductance calculations on simulated nanowires previously deformed using density functional theory, we demonstrate that all of these phenomena arise from structural transitions between deeply metastable ordered atomic configurations that self-organize during tensile deformation.