Transverse wave propagation in relativistic two-fluid plasmas around Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter black hole

The transverse electromagnetic waves propagating in a relativistic two-fluid plasma influenced by the gravitational field of the Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter black hole has been investigated exploiting “3 + 1” split of spacetime. Reformulating the two-fluid equations, the set of simultaneous linear equations for the perturbations have been derived. Using a local approximation, the one-dimensional radial propagation of Alfvén and high frequency electromagnetic waves are investigated. The dispersion relation for these waves is obtained and solved numerically for the wave number.