Prostate cancer detection by prebiopsy 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging

Objectives: The diagnostic value of 3.0‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for prostate cancer remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to assess the features of prostate cancer detectable by prebiopsy 3.0‐Tesla MRI. Methods: From January 2007 through to December 2008, 116 patients who were examined by prebiopsy 3.0‐Tesla MRI underwent radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer. Prostate specimens were examined to see whether the largest cancer area was the same as the area indicated on the MRI. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify variables predictive of agreement between MRI and histopathological findings. Results: Sixty‐six (56.9%) patients were suspected of having prostate cancer on the basis of MRI findings. In 49 of these patients (74.2%), it was considered that there was agreement between the abnormal area on the MRI and the index tumor. Univariate analysis revealed that there were significant differences in abnormal digital rectal examination, capsular penetration, the diameter of the index tumor of the radical prostatectomy specimen, and the Gleason scores of the biopsy and radical prostatectomy specimens. Multivariate analysis revealed that the Gleason score of the radical prostatectomy specimen was associated with the accurate detection of the prostate cancer by MRI (P = 0.0177). Conclusions: In conclusion, 3.0‐Tesla MRI tends to accurately diagnose prostate cancer with high tumor burden and aggressiveness. Multimodal examination (T2‐weighted imaging, dynamic contrast‐enhanced imaging, and diffusion‐weighted imaging) is recommended for the diagnosis of prostate cancer using 3.0‐Tesla MRI.